Html Tags: From what I have learnt so far, an HTML tag is a special word or letter surrounded by angle brackets, < and >. You use tags to create HTML elements, such as paragraphs or links.

Many elements have an opening tag and a closing tag — for example, a p (paragraph) element has a

tag, followed by the paragraph text, followed by a closing

tag.

Some elements don’t have a closing tag. These are called empty elements. For example, the br element for inserting line breaks is simply written
.

If you’re working with XHTML then you write empty elements using self-closing tags — for example,
.

Now let’s look at those 10 tags!

1. … — The root element All web pages start with the html element. It’s also called the root element because it’s at the root of the tree of elements that make up a web page.

HTML element and document tree The html element sits at the root of the tree of elements in a web page. To create the html element, you write an opening tag followed by a closing tag. Everything else in your web page then goes between these 2 tags:

(all other page elements go here)

1. … — The document head The head element contains information about the web page, as opposed to the web page content itself. There are many elements that you can put inside the head element, such as: title link, which you can use to add style sheets and favicons to your page meta, for specifying things like character sets, page descriptions, and keywords for search engines script, for adding JavaScript code to the page.

2. … — The page title The title element contains the title of the page. The title is displayed in the browser’s title bar (the bar at the top of the browser window), as well as in bookmarks, search engine results, and many other places.

The title should describe the page’s content succinctly and accurately. Try to give each page of your site its own unique title. Here’s an example:

The Adventures of My Cat Lucky

1. … — The page’s content The body element appears after the head element in the page. It should contain all the content of your web page: text, images, and so on. All web pages have 1 single body element, with the exception of frameset pages, which contain frame elements instead.

Below is the general format of the body element:

(all page content goes here)

1. …

   — A section heading Headings let you break up your page content into readable chunks. They work much like headings and subheadings in a book or a report. HTML actually supports 6 heading elements: h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, and h6. h1 is for the most important headings, h2 is for less important subheadings, and so on. Typically you won’t need to use more than h1, h2 and h3, unless your page is very long and complex.

Here’s an example of an h1 heading element:

The Adventures of My Cat Lucky

1. …

   — A paragraph The p element lets you create paragraphs of text. Most browsers display paragraphs with a vertical gap between each paragraph, nicely breaking up the text. While you can create “paragraphs” of text just by using
   tags to insert blank lines between chunks of text, it’s better to use p elements instead. Not only is it neater, but it gives browsers, search engines and other non-humans a better idea of how your page is structured.

2. … — A link One of the most important elements in a web page, the a element lets you create links to other content. The content can be either on your own site or on another site. To create a link, you wrap and tags around the content you want to use for the link, and supply the URL to link to in the tag’s href attribute.

Here’s how to create some text that links to www.example.com: Visit this great website!

1. — An image The img element lets you insert images into your web pages. To insert an image, you first upload the image to your web server, then use an tag to reference the uploaded image filename. Let us look at the example below: The alt attribute is required for all img tags. It’s used by browsers that don’t display images to give alternative text to the visitor. Find out more about using images in web pages.

2. …
   — A block-level container for content The div element is a generic container that you can use to add more structure to your page content. For example, you might group several paragraphs or headings that serve a similar purpose together inside a div element. Typically, div elements are used for things like: Page headers and footers Columns of content and sidebars Highlighted boxes within the text flow Areas of the page with a specific purpose, such as ad spots Image galleries By adding class and/or id attributes to your div elements, you can then use CSS to style and position the divs. This is the basis for creating CSS-based page layouts.

3. … — An inline container for content The span element is similar to div in that it’s used to add structure to your content. The difference is that div is a block-level element, while span is an inline element: Block-level elements, such as div, h1, and p, are elements that are designed to hold relatively large or stand-alone blocks of content, such as paragraphs of text. A block-level element always starts on a new line. Inline elements, such as span, a, and img, are designed to hold smaller pieces of content — such as a few words or a sentence — within a larger block of content. Adding an inline element doesn’t cause a new line to be created. Block-level elements can contain inline elements, but inline elements can’t contain block-level element.

Html Layouts: HTML layouts provide a way to arrange web pages in well-mannered, well-structured, and in responsive form or we can say that HTML layout specifies a way in which the web pages can be arranged. Web-page layout works with arrangement of visual elements of an HTML document.

Web page layout is the most important part to keep in mind while creating a website so that our website can appear professional with the great look. You can also use CSS and JAVASCRIPT based frameworks for creating layouts for responsive and dynamic website designing. Following are different HTML5 elements which are used to define the different parts of a webpage.

1. : It is used to define a header for a document or a section.
2. : It is used to define a container for navigation links
3. : It is used to define a section in a document
4. : It is used to define an independent self-contained article
6. : It is used to define a footer for a document or a section
7. : It is used to define additional details
8. : It is used to define a heading for the

   element

Linux Commands: When I was new to Linux, I had a cheat sheet that hung over my desk to help me remember those commands. As I became more familiar with these commands, I became more proficient with server administration.

Here are 15 Linux commands I find most useful.

1. rmdir: it is used to remove files and directory
2. ls: this command is used for listing the contents of a directory.
3. cp: the command cp is used to copy and paste file to a directory as the second argument.
4. cd: it is an acronym for change directory. As the name implies, it is used to change the directory you’re working in.
5. pwd: it means print working directory. It gives a quick way of finding out the working directory path.
6. mv: it stands for move. It is used to move files or directories from one place to another.
7. zip/unzip: is used to create a new zip file, whereas unzip is used to unzip zipped files
8. man: the manual page(man) command is like software documentation using which you can know what a particular command does and how it works.
9. Cat: is used to print or merge the content from the line where the first file ends.
10. wget: is a handy command that can help you download files from the internet.
11. top: top command shows you the list of running processes and how much CPU is being used history: the history command is used to display the commands that you have typed before.
12. Wc: the wc command is used to count the number of lines (-I), words (-w), bytes (-c), and characters (m).
13. Clear: clear is used to clear the terminal screen.
14. Passwd: the passwd command is used to change the password of the user account. To use it, type passwd followed by the username.
15. exit: the exit command can be used to close the terminal quickly.