How is data transferred over the Internet?

We all know that every second million of gigabytes of data is transferred around the world. But Did you ever wonder how does this data gets transmit and what are the rules responsible for the transmission of data? Here in this Blog, I will tell you about Data Transmission.

People are using Laptops, Computers, Smartphones, and other devices for using the Internet. Data is only transferred in Binary Format of like 01010101 etc. Data is stored at Data Centres in Storage Devices like HDD(hard disk) and SSD. At First, User Connect to the Internet and then try to access the data. The Data is transferred and received via the Optical Fibre cable which is laid down under the sea. Optical fibre cables are responsible for the transmission and receiving of data.

Our phones or Computers may be connected to cellular data but at some point, they will be connected to Optical Fibre cables. Every Device has an IP address and every server has also an IP address which is associated with domain names like google.com, facebook.com, and yahoo.com etc. when we access these domains then the request goes to the servers corresponding to that domain name and then the data flow starts via the optical fibre cables in the form of light signals.

When the data reaches the device then it gets converted into the digital binary format of 1010010101 etc. Between these data sending and receiving of data, it goes through a variety of layers which are given as :

: Application Layer

: Transport Layer

: Network Layer

: Physical Layer

: Data Link Layer

For eg., If you want to send a message to your friend using the Whatsapp application then the message will travel through all the above layers and then it will reach your friend through the optical fibre cables.

This was the Overview of Data transmission over the Internet.