let's have a basic understanding of the Linux fundamentals……..

Written By: Rahul Goraksha

Figure 1: Introduction to Linux

# Overview of Linux:

1. Linux is a free and Open-Source operating system, developed by Linus Torvalds in September 1991.

2. It is mainly used by 91% of the Application on the internet.

3. Allows MultiUser, Multitasking, with powerful shell and Multiple flavours.

4. Allows high Security and No need for Anti-Virus.

#Basic Linux Commands:

1. pwd: It shows the present work directory.

2. ls: It shows the available files and directory list in the present work directory.

3. uname: It shows the name of the kernel (Operating System).

4. uname-r: It shows the version of the kernel.

5. cd: It use for change the directory.

6. clear: It uses for clear the screen.

7. whoami: It shows currently login user name.

8. history: It shows a list of previously used commands.

9. touch: use to create empty files, we can’t write data in a file, can’t edit or save the file.

10. cat: to read the content within the file.

Figure 2: Top 50 Linux Commands

# Create File or Directory:

1. For create single directory

#mkdir /newfile

2. For create number of directory

#mkdir /newfile{1..10}

# Create File:

1. Create single file with touch command

#touch notes

2. Create number of files

#touch notes{1..10}

# For Copy and Paste, Move, Remove

1. cp: command use to copy and paste file or directory

#cp file_1/notes.txt file_2/

# For Move

1. mv: command use to move the file or directory

#mv file_1/notes.txt file_2/

#for rename file or directory

1. dev: rename the file name

#mv dev file_1

# for remove file or directory

#rm notes.txt

#User Management

1. for create User account

#sudo useradd-m User_1

2. for create user account password

#passwd User_1

3. for switch user account to root

#sudo su

4. for logout from user account

#exit

5.for Delete User account

#userdel User_1

6. For change user login name

#usermod -l User_1

# print the statement

#echo "Hello World"

# for Machine current date

#date

# for moving one step back from the common directory

#cd ..

# for reading the mannual to understand shortcut

#man mkdir

# To view what written in a file

#cat test-file.txt
#echo "Hello World" > test-file.txt
#cat test-file.txt
>Hello World

Add more content in test-file.txt

#vim test-file.txt
...("Insert Mode on by clicking on I")
>Hello World
>Mango
>Banana
>Gava
>Apple
>Grapes
...("to exit from VIM editor type in ":wq")

# Present top 3 names from the list generated in VIM editor

#head -3 test-file.txt
>Hello World
>Mango
>Banana

# Present last 3 names from the list generated in VIM editor

#tail -3 test-file.txt
>Gava
>Apple
>Grapes

# System Package updates

1. Download package

#sudo apt update

2. Install package

#sudo apt install

3. for example to install Docker

#sudo apt install docker.io

4. to un-install Docker

#sudo apt purge docker.io

~Rahul Goraksha