Linux and GitHub Cheat-sheet

Linux Commands:

# List all the files or directories

ls

# Lists hidden files or directories:

ls -a

# Long listing format:

ls -l

# Create new directory:

mkdir <directory_name>

# Multiple directory creation:

mkdir -p A/B/C/D

# Remove directory:

rmdir <directory_name>

# Remove multiple directories:

rm -rf <directory_name>

# Remove files:

rm <file_name>

# change directory:

cd <path_where_to_navigate>

# create an empty file:

touch <file_name>

# Copy file:

cp  <source_path> <destination_path>

# Move file:

mv  <source_path> <destination_path>

# To write some content inside a file:

echo <some msg> > <file_name>

# display contents of a file:

cat <file_name>

# show previous commands/operations performed in shell:

history

# To search a word (string in a file):

grep "string" <filename>

# Return the specified number of lines from the top:

head

# Return the specified number of lines from the bottom:

tail

# To show disk space:

df -H

File permissions:

# To change permission of the file

chmod <permission> <file_name>

eg. chmod 700 a.txt hashtag#readwriteexeute to user only

 0 - nothing
4 - only read
2 - only write
1 - only execute
4+1 = 5 read and execute
4+2 = 6 read and write both
4+2+1 = 7 read,write and execute

r -read
w - write
x -execute
u -user
g -group
o -other

# To change file or directory ownership:

chown <user_name> <file_name>

# To change group ownership:

chgrp <group_name> <file_name>

Access Control List:

setfacl and getfacl are used for setting up ACL and showing ACL respectively.

# For check ACL permission:

getfacl <name of file or directory>

# For set ACL permission to user:

setfacl -m u:user:permissions /path_to_file

User management:

# To create a new user :

sudo useradd <user_name>

# To set a password for user:

sudo passwd <user_name>

# To modify a Linux user:

sudo usermod <user_name>

# To delete a Linux user:

sudo userdel <user_name>

# For add group account:

sudo groupadd <group_name>

Git Commands:

# Initialize an empty git repository: transforms the current directory into a Git list of all remote repositories that are currently connected to your local repository.

git init

# Clone an existing git repository:

git clone <repository_url>

# Add files and Moves changes from the working directory to the staging area:

git add <file_name>

# Add all current directory files to git :

git add .

# Commit all the staged files to git.

git commit -m "commit_message"

# To show the status of your git repository:

git status

Git Branch:

# To list all of the branches:

git branch

# Create a new branch:

git branch <branch_name>

# For going to specific branch:

git checkout <branch_name>

# for creating and going to that branch:

git checkout -b <branch_name>

# For deleting branch:

git checkout -d <branch_name>

Remote origin:

# list of all remote repositories that are currently connected to local repository:

git remote -v

# To add remote origin URL:

git remote add origin <remote_git_url>

# To remove remote origin URL:

git remote remove origin

# To upload local repository content to a remote repository:

git push origin <branch_name>

# To pull your remote repository content to local repository:

git pull origin <branch_name>

# To fetch down all the branches from that Git remote:

git fetch

# To check your git commits and all logs:

git log

git configuration:

# To set author name to be used for all commits by the current user :

git config --global user.name <your_username>

# To set author email to be used for all commits by the current user:

git config --global user.email <your_email>

# to merge two branches in Git:

git merge <branch_name>

Cherry-pick:

# Merge just one specific commit from another branch to your current branch:

git cherry-pick [commit_id]

git revert:

# Undo a single given commit, without modifying commits that come after it:

git revert <commit_id>

git reset:

# Go back to specific commit:

git reset <commit_id>

git rebase:

# To rebase all the commits between another branch and the current branch state:

git rebase <other_branch_name>

Temporary commits:

# To save modified and staged changes:

git stash

# list stack-order of stashed file changes:

git stash list

# write working from top of stash stack:

git stash pop

Thank you for reading!