Linux Fundamentals for DevOps

💡What is Linux?

✅Linux is an open-source operating system kernel created by Linus Torvalds in 1991. It serves as the foundation for a wide range of Linux-based operating systems. Linux is known for its stability, security, and ability to run on various hardware platforms, from desktop computers to embedded systems and supercomputers.

💡Ways to Install Linux

✅

Installation methods

💡File System Hierarchy of Linux!

✅Linux organizes its files and directories in a hierarchical structure known as the File System Hierarchy Standard (FSH). Understanding this hierarchy is crucial for navigating and managing files effectively. Key directories include:

🔸/: The root directory, denoted by a forward slash, is the top-level directory.

🔸/bin: Contains essential binary executables (commands) for all users.

🔸/home: Home directories for individual users.

🔸/etc: System configuration files.

🔸/var: Variable data files, such as logs and spool files.

🔸/usr: User-related programs and data.

🔸/dev: Device files representing hardware devices.

🔸/proc: A virtual directory providing information about system processes.

File System Hierarchy

💡Architecture of Linux

✅

Architecture of Linux

⭐ Hardware: Hardware refers to the physical components of a computer system. In Linux, hardware includes devices such as processors (CPU), memory (RAM), storage drives (hard disk drives or solid-state drives), input/output devices (keyboard, mouse, display), network interfaces, and other peripherals. The kernel interacts with the hardware to manage and control its operations, enabling the system to function.

⭐ Kernel: The kernel is the core component of the Linux operating system. It serves as the bridge between software and hardware, managing system resources, such as memory, processors, devices, and providing essential services like process management, memory management, and file system handling. The kernel interacts directly with the hardware and provides an interface for higher-level software to run on the system.

⭐ Shell: A shell is a command-line interface (CLI) or a user interface that allows users to interact with the operating system. It interprets user commands and executes them by communicating with the kernel. In Linux, the default and most commonly used shell is the Bash (Bourne Again SHell), but there are other shells available, such as Zsh, Ksh, and Csh. The shell provides features like command execution, scripting capabilities, and various utilities for managing files, processes, and system configurations.

⭐ Applications: Applications, also known as software or programs, are user-facing programs that run on the Linux operating system. These include a wide range of software, such as web browsers, office suites, media players, programming tools, and various other applications developed for specific purposes. Linux provides a vast ecosystem of applications, both open-source and proprietary, that can be installed and run on the system to perform specific tasks or meet user requirements.