Hacking

Hacking refers to the exploiting system vulnerabilities and comprising security controls to gain unauthorized or inappropriate access to the system resources. It involves modifying system or application features to achieve a goal outside of the creator's original purpose.

Hacking is the act of identifying and then exploiting weakness in a computer system or network, usually to gain unauthorized access to personal or organizational data.

Types of Hacking:-

1. White Hat Hacker

2. Black Hat Hackers

3. Grey Hat Hackers

4. Script Kiddies

5.State Sponsored Hackers

6. Hacktivists

7. Cyber Terrorists

8. Suicide Hackers

9. Spy Hackers

White Hat Hackers can be seen as the “good guys” who attempt to prevent the success of black hat hackers through proactive hacking. They use their technical skills to break into systems to assess and test the level of network security, also known as ethical hacking. This helps expose vulnerabilities in systems before black hat hackers can detect and exploit them.These individuals are hired by organisation to test and discover potential holes in their security defenses.

Black Hat Hackers are the "bad guys" of the hacking scene. They go out of their way to discover vulnerabilities in computer systems and software to exploit them for financial gain.These individuals’ actions can inflict serious damage on both computer users and the organizations they work for. They can steal sensitive personal information, compromise computer and financial systems, and alter or take down the functionality of websites and critical networks.

Grey Hat Hackers sit somewhere between the good and the bad guys. Unlike black hat hackers, they attempt to violate standards and principles but without intending to do harm or gain financially. Their actions are typically carried out for the common good.

Script Kiddies is a derogative term that computer hackers coined to refer to immature, but often just as dangerous, exploiters of internet security weaknesses.Not all novice hackers are script kiddies. Some inexperienced attackers do try to learn about and understand the tools they use. Script kiddies aren't interested in learning and understanding the exploits they use, instead using what is easy to find and available.

State Sponsored Hackers refer to individuals or groups who operate with the support, approval, or direction of a government or state entity. These hackers carry out cyber espionage, sabotage, or other malicious activities on behalf of their sponsoring state, often targeting other nations, organizations, or individuals to achieve political, economic, or military objectives.

Hacktivists is a hacker activist, someone who attacks computer systems for political reasons. “Hacktivism” is hacking activism.Derived from combining the words ‘Hack’ and ‘Activism’, hacktivism is the act of hacking, or breaking into a computer system, for politically or socially motivated purposes. The individual who performs an act of hacktivism is said to be a hacktivist. The hacktivist who does such acts, such as defacing an organization’s website or leaking that organization’s information, aims to send a message through their activities and gain visibility for a cause they are promoting.

Cyber terrorists are criminals who uses computer technology and the Internet, especially to cause fear and disruption. Some cyber-terrorists spread computer viruses, and others threaten people electronically.When a crime involves computers, particularly a crime that terrorizes, or threatens real harm or significant disruption, its perpetrator is a cyber-terrorist. Cyber-terrorists might have ideological or religious reasons for wanting to terrorize, and others do it for personal gain.

Suicide Hackers are typically less-skilled hackers who are just about capable enough to gain access to systems but are not able to evade detection. These hackers have no concern for being caught or imprisoned—they are happy as long as they succeed in entering and disrupting a system. Their actions are motivated by revenge, political ideologies, and so on. This type of hacker doesn't care whether they are caught or arrested, so long as the job is done.

Spy Hackers typically refer to individuals or groups who engage in hacking activities with the intent of gathering sensitive or classified information for espionage purposes. These hackers may target government agencies, corporations, or other entities to obtain data related to national security, trade secrets, intellectual property, or other confidential information. Spy hackers may operate independently or as part of larger espionage networks, and their actions can have significant geopolitical implications.