Valid Anagram

Given two strings s and t, return true if t is an anagram of s, and false otherwise.

An Anagram is a word or phrase formed by rearranging the letters of a different word or phrase, typically using all the original letters exactly once.

LeetCode Problem - 242

class Solution {
    // Method to check if two strings are anagrams of each other
    public boolean isAnagram(String s, String t) {
        // If the lengths of the strings are different, they cannot be anagrams
        if (s.length() != t.length()) return false;

        // Initializing an array to count occurrences of each character
        int[] count = new int[26];

        // Counting occurrences of characters in string s
        for (char c : s.toCharArray()) {
            count[c - 'a']++;
        }

        // Checking occurrences of characters in string t and decrementing counts
        for (char c : t.toCharArray()) {
            int idx = c - 'a';
            count[idx]--;
            // Early termination if count becomes negative, indicating an excess character
            if (count[idx] < 0) return false;
        }
        // If all characters are accounted for, return true (strings are anagrams)
        return true;
    }
}