Kubernetes, often abbreviated as K8s, is an open-source platform designed to automate the deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications. It orchestrates clusters of machines to run containers, ensuring that applications are highly available and can scale as needed.

Kubernetes Components

Control Plane (Master Node)

1. API Server: The front door to Kubernetes. All communications, internal and external, go through here.

2. Scheduler: Decides where to run newly created pods based on resource availability.

3. Controller Manager: Oversees various controllers that regulate the state of the system.

4. etcd: A distributed key-value store that acts as Kubernetes' brain, storing all cluster data.

Worker Node

1. Kubelet: The primary node agent, ensuring containers are running in a pod.

2. Kube-proxy: Maintains network rules on nodes, enabling communication to and from pods.

3. Pods: The smallest deployable units in Kubernetes, containing one or more containers.

How It All Works Together

1. The Control Plane manages the overall state of the cluster.

2. Worker Nodes host the applications as containers inside pods.

3. The API Server facilitates communication between all components.

4. etcd stores the cluster's configuration data.

5. The Scheduler assigns work to nodes.

6. Kubelets on each node ensure pods are healthy and running.

Kubernetes Installation and Configuration

First Launch an instance

• Give the name to the instance k8s-server

• select OS image eg. centos, Ubuntu, amazon Linux

• select instance type t2.medium (to run minikube , its minimum requirement is 2vCPU , 2GiB RAM )

• create key pair to connect instance securely 🔐\

• select the volume size between 10 -15 GiB .

• 

  Launch your Instance with this configuration.

• Connect your instance with this command .

    ssh -i Downloads/k8s-key.pem ubuntu@35.92.3.50
  

  

  EC2 Instance connected. 🎉🎉

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Minikube Installation for Ubuntu

Step 1: Update System Packages

Update your package lists to make sure you are getting the latest version and dependencies.

sudo apt update

Step 2: Install Required Packages

    sudo apt install -y curl wget apt-transport-https

Docker Installation

Step 3: First Install Docker

sudo apt install -y docker.io

Step 4 Start and enable Docker.

sudo systemctl enable --now docker

Step 5 Add current user to docker group (To use docker without root)

sudo usermod -aG docker $USER && newgrp docker

Docker is running 🎉🎉🎉

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Minikube installation

Step 1: Install Minikube

First, download the Minikube binary .

curl -Lo minikube https://storage.googleapis.com/minikube/releases/latest/minikube-linux-amd64

Make it executable and move it into your bin path :

chmod +x minikube
sudo mv minikube /usr/local/bin/

• Check minikube version

minikube version

Step 2: Install kubectl

Download kubectl, Kubernetes command-line tool.

curl -LO "https://dl.k8s.io/release/$(curl -L -s https://dl.k8s.io/release/stable.txt)/bin/linux/amd64/kubectl"

Make it executable and move it into your bin path :

chmod +x kubectl
sudo mv kubectl /usr/local/bin/

Step 3: Start Minikube

minikube start --driver=docker --vm=true

• minikube start: This command starts a local Kubernetes cluster using Minikube.

• --driver=docker: Specifies the driver to use for the Minikube VM. In this case, it uses Docker as the driver.

• --vm=true: Indicates that Minikube should create a virtual machine (VM) to host the Kubernetes cluster.

Step 4: Check Cluster Status

minikube status

Check minikube docker container

go inside this container

# docker ps -it <container id> bash
docker ps -it 204aaff8928e bash

Run this command docker ps

• This command lists all the containers that are currently running in Docker.

• Inside the minikube container it running many docker containers which are components of Control plane and worker node

Step 5: Stop Minikube

When you are done, you can stop the Minikube cluster with:

minikube stop

Delete Minikube

If you want to delete minikube cluster , use this command

minikube delete

Successfully setup kubernetes minikube cluster . 🎉🎉

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Thank you for reading! Let's continue learning, growing, and making a positive impact in the tech world together.✨

Happy Learning .