Use AI to summarize large content in your Postgres database

Video tutorial: https://youtu.be/3l3wRoLhb-o

Summarization might seem like a basic task but can be pretty challenging to extract quality and relevant chunks, rewrite it for larger content then to form a summarization. Summarizing a research paper requires understanding the context of the paper and how its formatted, while Youtube videos require us to understand where in the video is the main context. A 100,000 character long Wikipedia page with a wide range of different chapters and sections can provide a pretty inaccurate summary in most solutions.

LLMs might seem like a great way to achieve simplified summarizations but here are common issues we found with LLM summarizations:

• Small LLM context length which can’t handle large content in a single input

• Chunking large content decreases quality of summaries and may lose pieces of info depending on how chunking is done

• Context understanding of different types of documents and formats like a research paper vs a youtube video

• PDF support with images, links and text

• High hallucinations with larger and more complex content

• Low consistency running the summarization multiple times

We typically see tons of large content being stored in databases and we experience this as well. Having summarization built right into the database would be an awesome way to understand our data or even display to the user quickly. Here’s how we built summarization into our Supabase Postgres DB using JigsawStack AI Summarization.

We assume you have the following:

• A Supabase database or a Postgres DB

• A JigsawStack API key

Creating table

Example table we’ll be using:

large_content will be used to store any large content text. tldr will be use to store the generated summary of the large content while the points column will be be summarization in point form. The large content can be in any document format from Markdown to HTML.

Creating a Postgres Function

Create a PostgreSQL function to handle the summarization task. This function will interact with the JigsawStack’s AI summarization API to summarize the text and update the relevant column in your table.

To set up the function:

1. Navigate to the "Functions" tab.

2. Click "Create new function" and give your function a descriptive name

3. Copy and paste SQL code below into the “Definition” section

BEGIN

if TG_OP = 'UPDATE' and OLD.large_content = NEW.large_content then
  return null;
end if;

WITH
  result_tldr AS (
    SELECT
      "content"::jsonb ->> 'summary' AS summary
    FROM
      http ((
        'POST',
        'https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/summary',
        ARRAY[http_header('x-api-key','your api key')],
        'application/json',
        jsonb_build_object('type','text','text',NEW.large_content)
      )::http_request)
  ),
  result_points AS (
    SELECT
      "content"::jsonb -> 'summary' AS summary
    FROM
      http ((
        'POST',
        'https://api.jigsawstack.com/v1/ai/summary',
        ARRAY[http_header('x-api-key','your api key')],
        'application/json',
        jsonb_build_object('type','points','text',NEW.large_content)
      )::http_request)
  )


UPDATE public.articles
SET
  tldr = (
    SELECT
      summary
    FROM
      result_tldr
  ),
  points = (
    SELECT
      summary
    FROM
      result_points
  )
WHERE
  id = NEW.id;

RETURN NEW;

END;

The SQL code does three things:

• Does nothing if large_content don't change in update operations

• Makes API requests to JigsawStack's AI summarization API twice, once for tldr and once for points

• Stores summarized text and points into the tldr and points column respectively

This is a great starting point, but you might want to edit the code for the specific columns you want and your table schema definition.

Here is how your function should look like in the Supabase dashboard:

Setting up Postgres Triggers

Next, set up PostgreSQL triggers to automatically carry out the summarization whenever text is added or updated in the large_content column.

Head over to the trigger section, create a new trigger, and give it a name.

1. Select the article table

2. Select insert & update operations, which will only activate this trigger for that operation on the article table

3. Change the trigger type to After the event, allowing for async operations

4. Change the orientation to Row, allowing the trigger to run per row rather than a single statement, which could affect multiple tables

5. Create the trigger

Try it out!

Head back to your table editor and update or create a new row with any large content. You’ll see the tldr and points column automatically getting generated with the summary.

Now you have built in summarization in your database and this can be applied in any Postgres DB.

You could upgrade this to handle PDF documents by passing the url of the PDF to the summarization API as well.

Common mistakes:

No errors were shown, and translation isn’t working

You might have forgotten to add a valid JigsawStack API key. You can also view all logs of each request made in the JigsawStack dashboard to understand the error.

Function throwing errors

Make sure the return type of the Postgres function is set to trigger and you’re mapping to the right columns.

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