Java Programming Language Roadmap

Basic Java Concepts

• Introduction to Java

• Java Installation

• Basic Syntax and Data Types

• Variables, Constants, and Operators

• Control Flow Statements (if, else, switch, loops)

• Arrays and String Manipulation

• Functions and Methods

• Basic Input/Output

• Java Coding Standards and Conventions

Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) in Java

• Classes and Objects

• Constructors

• this and super Keywords

• Inheritance and Types of Inheritance

• Method Overloading and Overriding

• Encapsulation and Access Modifiers

• Polymorphism

• Abstract Classes and Interfaces

• Composition vs Inheritance

• Inner Classes and Anonymous Classes

• Object Cloning

• Enums in Java

Core Java Topics

• Exception Handling

• Collections Framework (Lists, Sets, Maps, etc.)

• Generics

• Java I/O (File Handling, Serialization)

• Thread Lifecycle

• Multithreading and Concurrency

• Java Memory Management and Garbage Collection

• Java Streams and Lambda Expressions

• Functional Programming Basics

• Java Annotations

• Java Reflection API

Java 8 and Beyond

• Java 8 (Lambdas, Streams, Optional, Date-Time API)

• Java 9 Modules

• Java 10+ Updates (var keyword, garbage collection improvements, etc.)

• Records, Sealed Classes, and Pattern Matching (Java 14+)

Data Structures and Algorithms (DSA)

• Data Structures:

  • Arrays and Strings

  • Linked Lists (Single, Double, Circular)

  • Stacks and Queues

  • Trees (Binary Trees, Binary Search Trees, AVL, B-Trees)

  • Graphs (Representation, Traversals)

  • Heaps and Priority Queues

  • Hashing (HashMap, HashSet)

  • Tries

• Algorithms:

  • Sorting (Bubble, Selection, Insertion, Merge, Quick Sort)

  • Searching (Linear and Binary Search)

  • Recursion and Backtracking

  • Dynamic Programming (Memoization and Tabulation)

  • Greedy Algorithms

  • Graph Algorithms (BFS, DFS, Dijkstra's, Kruskal's, Prim's)

  • Tree Traversals (Inorder, Preorder, Postorder)

  • String Manipulation Algorithms (Pattern Matching, KMP)

  • Bit Manipulation

Advanced Java Concepts

• Java Networking (Sockets, HTTP, URL)

• Java Database Connectivity (JDBC)

• Java Mail API

• Java Concurrency Utilities (Executors, ForkJoin Framework)

• Java Security (Cryptography API, SSL/TLS)

Frameworks and Libraries

• Spring Framework (Spring Boot, Spring MVC, Spring Data)

• Hibernate ORM

• JPA (Java Persistence API)

• REST API Development (Spring Boot REST)

• Testing Libraries (JUnit, Mockito)

Java Projects and Practice

• Mini-projects and applications

• Problem-solving platforms (LeetCode, HackerRank, CodeWars)

This roadmap provides a structured path for learning Java, from foundational topics to advanced OOP, DSA, and frameworks commonly used in development.