🚀 Exploring DNS and Network Protocols: A Deep Dive into Internet Fundamentals 🌐

I've been looking at the key concepts of DNS and networking, delving into the critical components that keep our internet experiences smooth. Here's a brief overview of my findings:

📌 DNS Overview

- DNS structures domain names in a hierarchical format, culminating in top-level domains (TLDs) such as .com, .org, etc.

- The DNS process includes:

1. Local DNS Cache

2. Recursive Resolvers

3. Root DNS Servers

4. TLD Servers

5. Authoritative DNS Servers

- Noteworthy public DNS services include:

• Google (8.8.8.8)

• Cloudflare (1.1.1.1)

🛡 DNS Security Concerns

1. DNS Spoofing: Alters DNS records, redirecting users to harmful sites.

2. DDoS Attacks: Floods a target with excessive traffic, causing service interruptions.

3. DNS Hijacking: Manipulates DNS settings to direct traffic maliciously.

🔍 TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)

- TCP provides reliable, connection-oriented communication within Layer 4 of the OSI model.

- Important characteristics include:

• Handshake process: SYN, ACK, FIN

• Retransmission of packets to recover lost data.

🌐 UDP (User Datagram Protocol)

- A faster, connectionless protocol best suited for situations where speed is crucial, like video streaming and online gaming.

🚨 Key Network Threats

- SYN Flood: Exploits the TCP handshake, overwhelming servers.

- Ping of Death: Sends oversized packets that can crash systems.

Understanding these principles highlights the necessity for strong cybersecurity practices and the complex mechanics at play behind our online interactions. 🖥💡

How are you engaging with networking or cybersecurity topics? I'd love to hear your thoughts! 🔗