Introduction

The mighty INTERNET it stands for Interconnected Network, as the names suggests the interconnection of multiple electronic devices connected through a network is known as the INTERNET. Using internet as the medium of communication computer systems communicate with each other.

the internet provides communication, education, social networking, online shopping, research, entertainment. Although the internet is highly addictive and has some risks, such as cyber threats.

What is the INTERNET??

The Internet is the interconnection of computer systems and electronic devices globally which communicates which each other using an established set of protocols. It helps to share and get information online. The cables such as optical fibers and other wireless and networking technologies are used to set it up. Presently, the internet is the fastest medium for sending and receiving information.

History of the Internet

1969:

The Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA, now DARPA) launched ARPANET.
The first packet-switching network - breaking down of data into smaller pieces before sending it across a network.
ARPANET delivered its first message on October 29, 1969 from UCLA to Stanford Research Institute.

1971:

Email was invented by Ray Tomlinson, using the ‘@’ symbol to separate the username and the domain.
It became one of the first major use cases of the internet.

1983:

The ARPANET switched to the TCP/IP standard.
TCP/IP was developed by Vinton Cerf and Robert Kahn.
It enabled different systems to communicate regardless of their underlying technology.

1989:

Tim Berners-Lee a scientist working at CERN invented the World Wide Web (www).
The www was created to allow scientist to share information automatically across universities and institutes worldwide.
The www was the global information system that combined hypertext, computer networking and and personal computers.

1993:

National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) developed the first graphical web browser, Mosaic.
It was considered the first browser to display both text and images on a single page.

1998:

GOOGLE is founded, revolutionizing search engines.
Larry Page and Sergey Brin, Stanford university students, launched google search.

2003 - 2010:

LinkedIn (2003)
Facebook (2004)
YouTube (2005)
Twitter (2006)
Apple launched the first iPhone, bringing the internet into our pockets (2007)

How does the INTERNET works??

The INTERNET is the network of networks, meaning millions of computers, servers, and devices are linked together.

Phone, laptop, smart tv connects to Wi-Fi router.
Router connects to an Internet Service Provider (ISP) like Airtel, Jio.
ISP connects to global networks, linking to websites, services and other users worldwide.

Example - think of it like a huge system highway system:

Roads = Data pathways
Cars = Data packets traveling
Traffic signals = Routers directing traffic.

Data Transmission:

Data Transmission is the process of moving data from one digital device to another digital device.

Routers:

Router is a device that forwards data packets between computer networks and it ensures that the data is sent to the correct destination by determining the best path based on IP addresses.

Internet Service Provider (ISP):

An Internet Service Provider is an organization that provides internet access to individuals, businesses and other organizations. It connects us to the internet using various technologies like fiber optics, broadband, DLS, or mobile networks.

The building blocks of the INTERNET??

The fundamental building blocks of the internet ensures that the data is transmitted efficiently, securely, and reliably. Let’s see them in detail:

NETWORKS:

When two or more computer systems are connected to each other it is called a network.

NETWORKS can be:
- LAN (LOCAL AREA NETWORK): Network for small area like a building, school or home.
- WAN (WIDE AREA NETWORK): Network for large geographical area like cities or even countries.
IP Addresses:

Internet Protocol address is a unique number that identifies a device connected to the internet. These are used to ensure that the data reaches the correct destination.
DNS (DOMAIN NAME SYSTEM):

It’s a system that translate human readable domain names to machine readable IP addresses.

Example - “google.com“ is domain name that the human understands and “142.250.183.14“ is IP address that machine understands.
Routers:

It’s a device that directs data packets between different networks.
Servers:

A Server is a powerful computer that provides resources, data, and services to other computers known as clients, over a network.

Example - When you request a webpage, the server processes the request and sends the required data back to you.
- WEB Servers: Host websites like Google and YouTube.
- Application Servers: Power online services like Email, Cloud Storage and Social Media.
Protocols:

Protocols are the set of rules that define how data is sent and received over a network.

Example of Protocols are:
- TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol): Ensures data is sent reliably between devices.
- UDP (User Datagram Protocol): Ensures faster communication between devices and is used for time sensitive applications like gaming and video playback.
- HTTP/HTTPS (HyperText Transfer Protocol): A protocol that allows communication between the browser and the server. HTTPS adds security with encryption.
- FTP (File Transfer Protocol): Used for file sharing between devices and servers.
- SMPT (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol): Used for sending and receiving emails between computers and servers over a network.
Cables and Wireless Networks:
- Fiber-Optics
- Satellites And Cellular Networks (4G, 5G)
- Wi-Fi and Ethernet
ISP(Internet Service Providers):

An Internet Service Provider is a company that provides internet access to the homes and businesses.

Example -
- Airtel
- Jio
Cloud Computing & Data Centers:

Cloud Computing allow users to store, run and process data remotely on powerful servers.

Example -
- Google Drive
- Amazon Web Services
- Data Centers are large facilities housing thousands of servers to handle online services.
Cybersecurity Systems:
- Firewalls
- Encryption
- Antivirus & Anti-Malware
- Two-Factor Authentication

The INTERNET’S impact on daily life??

Below is the list of things through which the internet impacts our daily life:

Communication:
- Social Media helps people stay connected to each other.
- Messaging Apps allow fast and secure communication across the world.
- Video Calls and Conferencing enables face to face communication.
- Live Streaming and Podcasts provides live news, entertainment and educational content.
Business & Work:
- E-commerce enables online shopping from home.
- Remote Work and Freelancing allows people to work from anywhere.
- Online Banking and Digital Transactions makes financial transaction smooth.
Education:
- Online courses provides learning opportunities for students.
- Google easy access to information.
- Online classrooms virtual learning and remote education.
Entertainment:
- Streaming services provides movies, series and live sports (WWE, CRICKET, FOOTBALL).
- Music streaming access to millions of songs anytime, anywhere.
- Gaming connects players from all over the world.

Conclusion:

So, here All About the INTERNET comes to an end and now we know that the internet is the connection of networks, it was developed by ARPA in 1983, google was founded in the year 1998 and the internet came into our pockets through iPhone’s in the year 2007. The internet works as the request is first send by our laptops to the Wi-Fi routers and from routers to the internet service providers and from the internet service providers to the global networks. The building blocks of the internet are networks, servers, IP addresses, protocols, routers, domain name systems, and etc. And the internet impact’s on daily life are by communication, education, entertainment, business and etc.

We can ensure that the internet remains a source for innovation, progress and a better future for all.

Say Hi To The INTERNET: All About It!!

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