➡️Everyday Linux.

Airplane: In-flight entertainment runs on Linux.

Internet Access: Wi-Fi routers use Linux for management.

TV: Many smart TVs use Linux-based systems.

Google Search: Google servers run on Linux.

Websites: Most websites run on Linux servers.

Smartphone: Android and iOS are based on Unix/Linux.

Windows Recovery Disk: Uses a Linux-based system.

Appliances: Smart appliances often run Linux.

➡️What is operating system?

An operating system (OS) is a software that acts as a middle man or a bridge between computer hardware and the computer user (We). IT provides a user interface and controls the computer hardware so that software can function.

➡️Types of operating systems:

Desktop OS – Used in personal computers (e.g., Windows, macOS, Ubuntu).

Server OS – Designed for servers (e.g., Windows Server, CentOS, Red Hat Linux).

Mobile OS – Runs on smartphones and tablets (e.g., Android, iOS).

Embedded OS – Found in smart devices (e.g., routers, smart TVs).

➡️What is Linux?

In simple terms, Linux is a free and open-source operating system.

It is a operating system like: Windows and macOS but its different in several ways.

Linux is very popular for its stability, security and flexibility.

➡️Why Linux is important to learn?

- widely used in servers and cloud computing.

- free software

- strong command line interface

- fast processing

- enhanced security

- customization because of open-source nature

- community support

- career opportunities

➡️Unix vs Linux.

- Unix was very first developed for multi-user and multi-tasking in mid-1970 in Bell Labs by ATT, GE and Massachusetts institute of Technology.

- Then born Linux in 1991 by Linus Torvalds.

- Linux is mostly free

- Linux is open source

- Unix is mostly used by Sun as Solaris, HP-UX, AIX etc.

- Linux is used by many developers community or companies ( Redhat, CentOS, Debian) etc.

- Unix comparatively supports very fewer File systems.

- Linux can be installed on a wide variety of computer hardware, ranging from mobile phones, tablets, video game consoles, to mainframes and supercomputers.
(macOS is only installed in apple hardware just like that Unix is only installed on certain hardware.)

➡️Linux Distribution.

Ubuntu: One of the most popular distribution specially to those who are new to Linux. It is based on Debian which provides a user friendly experience.

Fedora: Fedora is a Linux-based operating system known for being fast, cutting-edge, and open-source. It is developed by Red Hat and is often used by developers, sysadmins, and tech enthusiasts.

Debian: Debian is a stable and secure Linux-based operating system that is completely free and open- source. It is one of the oldest and most reliable Linux distributions, used as the foundation for other popular distros like Ubuntu.

Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL): Designed for business and enterprises and provides long term support, stability and enterprise level feature. A lot of company roughly about 70% to 80% of the corporate environment uses RHEL.

CentOS: A free and open source clone of RHEL design to provide a similar experience without the associated cost however its direction has changed after CentOS 8 with introduction CentOS stream.

Kali Linux: Designed for digital forensic and penetration testing.

and Others.

➡️Linux users.

Linux is used by a wide range of users and organizations due to its versatility, stability and open-source nature.

- Developers.
- Tech companies.
- Cloud and web servers.
- Government agencies.
- Telecommunications and networking etc.

➡️Linux vs Windows

Availability of source code.
- Linux: it is a open source.
- Windows: Windows is proprietary software designed by Microsoft.

Cost.
- Linux: Free (if you thinking about RedHat to download and its installation is completely free but if you want to use its subscription and support only then you will have to pay for RedHat )
-Windows: $

User Interface.
- Linux: There are different desktop environments like GNOME, KDE and XFCE available in Linux.(in corporate environment the Linux OS is installed on the server do not have GUI the administrator manage and run CLI)
- Windows: There is a standard GUI among all of the windows version.

Command Line Interface.
- Linux: Console is at the very core of Linux.
- Windows: It does have a command prompt and PowerShell.

Software installation and package Management.
- Linux: Software is generally installed using package manager like APT, YUM, Pacman.
- Windows: Software is mostly installed using standalone executables (.exe)

Security.
- Linux: Linux is generally considered the most secure.
- Windows: As you are part of the large user base for windows, you become a more likely target of malware Somewhat vulnerable.

File System.
- Linux: The file system in use by Linux are ext4, XFS and Btrfs.
- Windows: The primary file systems in use by Windows are NTFS and FAT32.

(If you have any questions or face issues, feel free to drop a comment below or mail me at birendra2783@gmail.com!)

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