Introduction to Low-Level Design (LLD) & Design Patterns

What is Low-Level Design (LLD)?

Low-Level Design (LLD) is the process of breaking down a system into smaller, detailed components while defining their relationships, behaviors, and interactions. It helps create maintainable, scalable, and efficient systems by focusing on the architecture and implementation details.

Why is LLD required?

• Ensures scalability and maintainability of software.

• It helps in following best practices in software development.

• Reduces code duplication and enhances reusability.

• Provides better code readability and team collaboration.

Understanding Design Patterns

Design patterns are reusable solutions to common software design problems. They provide a structured way to design software and improve code quality.

Types of Design Patterns:

1. Creational Patterns – Focus on object creation strategies.

   • Factory, Singleton, Builder, Prototype

2. Structural Patterns – Deal with class composition and relationships.

   • Adapter, Decorator, Facade, Proxy

3. Behavioral Patterns – Define communication between objects.

   • Observer, Strategy, Command, State

Next Steps in This Series

In the upcoming articles, we will cover:

1. Creational Patterns – Building objects efficiently.

2. Structural Patterns – Organizing relationships in code.

3. Behavioral Patterns – Managing interactions between objects.

4. Real-World LLD Case Studies – Applying patterns to actual systems.