pwd : present working directory ==>

To check the current working directory

syntax: # pwd

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ls\= to check the file and directories of a particular location.

Listing of F&D

syntax: # ls -

option:

a= all hidden and non-hidden f&d

l= long form of f&d (aliasname = ll )

d= for directory

t= time sorting

r= recursively(ascending order)

h= human readable format

ls -d .* ==> only Hidden file and Directory (alias name = l.)

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cd= (change directory)

to change one directory into another directory

syntax: # cd

cd .. = to go one step back

cd ../.. = to go two step back

cd / = to go on root directory

cd ~ = to go on home directory of user

cd = to go on home directory of user

cd . = to go on the same directory

cd - = to go previous working directory

. = It is functional directory to use as current directory

 .. = It is functional directory to use as previous directory

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mkdir(make directory)= to create a Blank directory

syntax= # mkdir -option Directory

option:

v= verbose= to print the action

p= parent = to create multiple sub-directory into single directory

create directory in loop.

mkdir -option dirname{1..5}

with Space count directory= exp: new folder

mkdir 'New folder'

Hidden directory:

mkdir -v <.directory name>

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Touch: to create a blank file

You can follow same as mkdir for creation of file

syntax= # touch filename1 filename2 filename3

touch filename{1..5}

touch filename{1..5}.txt

touch .filename ===Hidden file

touch 'file name' == for space count

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cat: to read the content of any file

syntax: #cat -option filename

option: n= line number including blank line

b= line number but avoid blank line

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tac: To read the content of any file but in reverse form

syntax : #tac filename

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wc (word count): to count line number, word and character of any file

Syntax : #wc -option Filename

Option:

l= line number

w= word

c= character