Top 15 Linux Commands Everyone Should Know!

Linux use karte ho ya seekhne ka plan hai? Toh ye 15 commands tumhari Linux journey ka base banayengi! Ye blog tumhare YouTube video ka supporting guide hai, jisme har ek command ko detail mein explain kiya gaya hai, taaki tum Linux ka solid foundation bana sako.

1. ls (List Files and Directories)

Linux terminal open karte hi jo sabse basic aur zaroori command hai, wo hai ls. Ye command directory ke andar ke saare files aur folders ko list karne ke liye use hoti hai.

Usage:

ls      # Current directory ke files & folders dikhayega
ls -l   # Detailed listing (permissions, owner, size, date)
ls -a   # Hidden files bhi dikhayega

2. cd (Change Directory)

Agar kisi aur folder ya directory mein move karna hai toh cd ka use hota hai.

Usage:

cd /home/user/Downloads  # Specific directory mein jaane ke liye
cd ..                    # Ek level piche jaane ke liye
cd ~                     # Home directory pe waapas jaane ke liye

3. pwd (Print Working Directory)

Current directory ka path dekhna ho toh pwd use karo.

Usage:

pwd   # Current location ka full path print karega

4. cp (Copy Files and Directories)

Files ya directories ko copy karne ke liye cp command use hoti hai.

Usage:

cp file1.txt /home/user/Documents/  # File ko dusre location pe copy karna
cp -r folder1 /home/user/Desktop/   # Folder copy karna

5. mv (Move or Rename Files)

Files ya folders ko move ya rename karne ke liye mv ka use hota hai.

Usage:

mv oldname.txt newname.txt  # File rename karne ke liye
mv file.txt /home/user/Desktop/  # File ko dusre location pe move karne ke liye

6. rm (Remove Files and Directories)

Files ya directories delete karne ke liye rm ka use hota hai. Dhyan rahe! Ye command irreversible hai.

Usage:

rm file.txt      # Ek file delete karega
rm -r folder/    # Folder aur uske contents delete karega

7. whoami (Check Current User)

Agar tumhe pata karna hai ki kaunse user ke under kaam kar rahe ho, toh whoami command use karo.

Usage:

whoami  # Current logged-in user ka naam show karega

8. sudo (Run Commands as Root)

Agar kisi command ko administrator privileges ke sath run karna hai toh sudo ka use karte hain.

Usage:

sudo apt update  # System packages ko update karne ke liye

9. chmod (Change File Permissions)

File ya directory ke permissions change karne ke liye chmod command ka use hota hai.

Usage:

chmod 777 script.sh  # Full permissions (read, write, execute) dene ke liye
chmod +x script.sh   # Execute permission dene ke liye

10. ps (Check Running Processes)

Agar dekhna hai ki kaunse processes system pe chal rahe hain toh ps use kar sakte ho.

Usage:

ps aux   # System ke saare running processes dikhayega

11. top (Monitor System Performance)

Agar real-time system performance dekhni ho, jaise ki CPU aur RAM usage, toh top command ka use hota hai.

Usage:

top  # System ka live resource usage dikhayega

12. netstat (Check Network Connections)

System ke active network connections aur ports dekhne ke liye netstat command ka use hota hai.

Usage:

netstat -tulnp  # Active ports aur listening services dikhayega

13. ifconfig (View Network Interfaces)

Agar apne system ka IP address ya network interfaces ka status dekhna hai toh ifconfig use kar sakte ho.

Usage:

ifconfig   # System ke saare network interfaces dikhayega

14. ping (Check Network Connectivity)

Agar kisi network ya website se connectivity check karni ho toh ping command use kar sakte ho.

Usage:

ping google.com  # Google tak ka network connection check karega

15. find (Search for Files and Directories)

Agar system me koi file ya folder dhoondhna hai toh find command ka use hota hai.

Usage:

find /home/user -name "file.txt"  # File ko specific directory mein dhoondhne ke liye

Conclusion

Ye 15 Linux commands tumhari daily Linux usage ko kaafi aasaan bana dengi. Inka regularly practice karo taaki ye commands tumhare haath me fit ho jayein! Aur agar tum Linux ko aur bhi depth mein samajhna chahte ho toh hamara YouTube video zaroor dekho! 🚀🔥