GitHub Repository for Git and GitHub in one shot

1. Difference between centralized and distributed version control?

   • CVC: All version history and files are stored on a central server. Does’t have local storage to store copy of the data pushed to central repository. Developers pull the latest version and commit changes directly to the central repository.

   • DVCS: Every developer's machine has a full local copy of the entire repository, including the complete version history. Developers can commit, revert, and review history locally, even without internet access. Changes are later pushed to or pulled from a central/shared repository to collaborate with others.

Git init - is to initailize a empty directory in git

Git status - gives information about which branch we are in, how many commits we have made, and how many tracked or untracked files are there.

Git Branches

What is Branch?

→ the branch is created from the main branch

Suppose we have run git init and created a branch which will be the main or master branch in which we have written the code we don’t want to change the main code but want to perform some experiments in that case we create seperate branches from main branch so a copy of the main code will also be in the new branch.

Commands for git and git branches

• git add - to add a file to staging area

• git add . - to add all tracked and untracked files

• git commit -m <commit message> - Used to track the staged files after being added by git add.

• git branch checkout -b - to checkout from one branch and create a new branch.

• git checkout - to switch between branches

• Git log - to get Information about author who commits

• once I have committed things to the branch then I can switch between branches using git checkout

• If I delete a file and want to restore it again (Delete process)

Here a Question arises how it will restore it back if we delete the file from trash as well?

-> Because it was stored in git it will get back the file even if you delete it.

Suppose I have added the file to staging area and i want to unstage it and keep it untracked. (Restore process)

• git restore --staged <filename>

To permanently delete a file

• Git revert - Creates a new commit that inverts the changes of a previous commit.

If I checkout and create a new branch from master it will have the changes of master and if I checkout and create a new branch from dev is will dev changes