Local File Inclusion vulnerability identified in Couchbase Server for Windows (CVE-2025-46619)

Summary

Cyble's Security Update Advisory provides a synopsis of the latest vulnerability patches released by various vendors. This advisory discusses a Local File Inclusion vulnerability recently identified in Couchbase Server for Windows.

Based on naming standards followed by Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) and severity standards as defined by the Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS), vulnerabilities are classified as high, medium, and low.

Vulnerability Details

Authentication Bypass

CVE-2025-46619

CVSSv3.1

7.6

Severity

High

Vulnerable Product/ Version

Couchbase Server before 7.6.4

Description

A Local File Inclusion (LFI) vulnerability has been identified in Couchbase Server for Windows, which could enable unauthorized users to access sensitive system files. Depending on the user's privileges, this flaw may allow exposure of files such as /etc/passwd or /etc/shadow.

Patch Link

Link

Recommendations

Implement the latest patch released by the official vendor: Regularly update all software and hardware systems with the latest patches from official vendors to mitigate vulnerabilities and protect against exploits. Establish a routine schedule for patch application and ensure critical patches are applied immediately.

Implement a robust patch management process: Develop a comprehensive patch management strategy that includes inventory management, patch assessment, testing, deployment, and verification. Automate the process where possible to ensure consistency and efficiency.

Incident response and recovery plan: Create and maintain an incident response plan that outlines procedures for detecting, responding to, and recovering from security incidents. Regularly test and update the plan to ensure its effectiveness and alignment with current threats.

Monitoring and logging malicious activities across the network: Implement comprehensive monitoring and logging solutions to detect and analyze suspicious activities. Use SIEM (Security Information and Event Management) systems to aggregate and correlate logs for real-time threat detection and response.

To mitigate risks associated with End-of-Life (EOL) products: Organizations should proactively identify and assess their criticality, then plan for timely upgrades or replacements.

Conclusion

Couchbase Server is a high-performance NoSQL database designed for enterprise-scale applications requiring low latency and high availability. It combines the flexibility of JSON-based document storage with powerful indexing and querying capabilities, making it popular in industries such as e-commerce, finance, telecommunications, and healthcare. Major organizations use Couchbase to support real-time data processing, mobile backends, and cloud-native applications. As the recently disclosed high-severity vulnerability in Couchbase Server for Windows allows unauthorized users to access sensitive system files through Local File Inclusion (LFI). This poses a significant risk to data confidentiality and system integrity. Organizations are strongly advised to prioritize applying the latest security patches to mitigate potential exploitation.