assertEquals() vs. assertSame() in JUnit

Date: 2024-06-14

The Java JUnit testing framework offers assertEquals() and assertSame(), but their difference is crucial. assertSame() checks for object identity (same memory address using ==), while assertEquals() checks for equality (same state, using the equals() method). Understanding this distinction—between identity and equality—is vital for writing effective JUnit tests in both JUnit4 and JUnit5, which use different assertion classes. Misunderstanding this can lead to inaccurate test results.

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