Exploring Strings in Python: A Simple Guide

Jr. Coder:
Hello, Jr. Coder Is everything crystal clear in your Python journey?

Dadu:
Yes, Dadu But I have a doubt about strings.
What is a string?
How do we use it in a program?
Do strings have any extra features?
Huhhh... Dadu, please help me naaa!

Dadu:
Okay, calm down, beta. Don’t worry when your Grandpa is here!
Let’s start with the basics:

What is a string?
In Python, anything enclosed within single (' ') or double (" ") quotation marks is called a string.
We can display strings using the print() function.

print("Hello, Jr. Coder!")
print('Welcome to the Python world!')

if you want to wright a multi-line string you can use triple quotes ( ‘ ‘ ‘ or “ “ “ )

print("""This is a
multi-line string
in Python.""")

We can access chharacters from the string using indexing due to string in Python are sequences of character. Strings are indexed starting from 0 and -1 from ends. this allw us to retrieve specific characters from the string.

For better understanding of index you can click to below link

slicing and indexing in python

Strings in Python are immutable. This means that they cannot be changed after they are created. I think you know about mutable and immutable in Python. If not, don't worry, Grandpa has a guide for you

mutable and immutable

Have you seen your grandma's masala dabba? Once it is filled with a specific masala, it cannot hold another type until the dabba is completely emptied or cleaned. This is known as immutability, meaning once a variable is created with a specific value, it cannot be changed until it is entirely removed from memory. In contrast, with mutability, a variable's value can be changed after it is created.

mutable: Here an object can be changed afterward it created in a program like list, set, dictionary

immutable Objects are of in-built data type like int , float, bool, string, Unicode, and tiple in simple words, an immutable object can’t be changed after it is created.

Raju’s grinning, bursting with excitement to dive into data types and operators! So, let’s get started with a sip of green tea.

incase if we need to manipulte strings then we can use methos like

#concatenation #slicing #formating

# Concatenation
first_name = "Raju"
last_name = "Sahu"
full_name = first_name + " " + last_name
print("Concatenation:", full_name)  # Output: Raju Sahu

# Slicing
sliced = full_name[0:4]  # Get characters from index 0 to 3
print("Slicing:", sliced)  # Output: Raju

# Formatting
age = 30
formatted_string = f"My name is {full_name} and I am {age} years old."
print("Formatting:", formatted_string)
# Output: My name is Sagar Sahu and I am 21 years old.

We can repeat a string multiple times using \ Operator*

s = "Hello "
print(s * 3) #output>>> Hello Hello Hello

In Python, it is not possible to delete individual characters from a string since strings are immutable. However, we can delete an entire string variable using the del keyword.

name = "sagar sahu"
print(name) # print = sagar sahu
del name  # delet the entire string
name = "tinu "
print(name) # print = tinu

But if we need to modify a part of string we use “ + “ with slicing or replace( )

NOTE: Since a string is an immutable type, we cannot change a character or replace it with another string; we just create a new string for modifying or replacing.

s = "hello g"

# Updating by creating a new string
s1 = "H" + s[1:]

# replacnig "g" with "Raju"
s2 = s.replace("g", "Raju")
print(s1) # output>> Hello Raju    
print(s2) #

We have a built-in method to check the total length of the string len( )

name = " Raju"
print(len(name))
#output>> 4

upper( ) and lower( ): upper ( ) is used to convert all character to upper case while lower( ) is used to convert all character to lowercase

name =  "SAGAR SAHU"
print(name.lower()) # output>> sagar sahu

print(name.upper()) # output>> SAGAR SAHU

Capitalize( ) is used in python where the first letter of the string is converted into uppercase and the rest of the characters remain the same

first_name = "SAGAR"

second_name = "raju"

capitalized_string = first_name.capitalize()
print("first_name =>" cpitalized_string)  # output>> Sagar
capitalized_string = second_name.capitaalize()
print("second_name => " capitalize_string) # output >>> Raju

join( ) :- the join( ) is used in python programing to merge each element of an iterable such as a list,set.etc. and leter we can use a string separator to separate the value. thus.

text = ['Anshul', 'is', 'my', 'only', 'friend']

# join elements of text with space
print(' '.join(text)) #output Anshul is my only friend

Formatting f-string

name = "Raju"
age = 21
print(f"Name: {name}, Age: {age}") #output>> Name: Raju, Age:21

count( ):- to count the number of occurance of an individual element or substring that appear within the string. it throw the numeric value that provides the detail of an actual count of a given string

Count_H = "hellohhollohollo"
print("number of occurance of h:",count_H.count("h")) # number of occurance of h: 4

find( ):- return the lowest index value from the first occurrence of a string (only in case if its found): else the value would be -1

message = 'Yuvraj is my name'

# check the index of 'is'
print(message.find('is')) #output>> 7

replace( ):-any unwanted character or text and replace it with the new desired output within the string. The replace() can be used in Python with the below-mentioned syntax to perform the action:

text = 'subway surfer'

# replace s with t
replaced_text = text.replace('s', 't')
print(replaced_text) #output>> tubway turfer

Tabulation of all methods in string » these are not only for strings; they are also applicable for lists, tuples, sets, etc.