What is measured in a basic metabolic panel test?

A basic metabolic panel (BMP) test is a widely used blood test that measures several critical components in your blood to assess your overall health and detect various conditions. The key components measured in a BMP include glucose, calcium, sodium, potassium, bicarbonate (also called CO2), chloride, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and creatinine. These markers provide valuable insights into your body’s metabolic functions, kidney health, fluid balance, and electrolyte levels.

Glucose levels indicate how well your body manages blood sugar, which is vital for diagnosing diabetes or hypoglycemia. Calcium is essential for bone health, muscle function, and nerve signaling. Electrolytes like sodium, potassium, chloride, and bicarbonate help regulate nerve function, muscle contractions, hydration, and acid-base balance. Blood urea nitrogen and creatinine are waste products filtered by the kidneys, and their levels help evaluate kidney function and detect potential kidney disease.

The BMP test is often ordered by healthcare providers to diagnose and monitor conditions such as dehydration, kidney disease, electrolyte imbalances, and metabolic disorders. It is also used to monitor the effects of medications that influence kidney function or electrolyte levels. The test is simple, quick, and provides crucial information to help guide treatment decisions.

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