How Internet Works

What is Internet ?

The internet is a worldwide system of interconnected computer networks and electronic devices that communicate with each other using an established set of protocols. The internet was conceived by the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) of the U.S. government.

History of Internet.

In 1960s a US organization established by US government known as ARPA, they were working on the technology of transfering data from one place to another place such that they can secure there DATA in any emergency situation like war they started to work on the networking technology. In 1962 There was a computer sicentest J.C.R. licklider he wrote about the Intergalactic computer network and his idea lead the foundation of the Internet.

Lawrence Robers a computer scientest working at MIT, He connected computer over a telephone line, he wanted to demonstrate the data communication between distance system, from here the concept of networking moves toward large scale networking.

After this the US orginazation ARPANET was the first one who sended the data form a place to another place through the computers connected through telephone line, the first message was “ LOGIN “ but the message revieved was “LO“, ARPANET sent this text message from UCLA to Standford university character by character.

How dose Internet exactly works ??

So as we have seen that tha interconnection of computer in a very large scale in known as internet. If we want to send the data from one computer to another, we have to follow some set of rules or we can say we have to follow some protocols.

Let assume we want to send some data to someone through whatsapp, we always send the data in chunks or segemets which in known as data packets, yes we send a whole text message but internaly we break that message in tiny data packets and then we send that data packets through the network using some protocols.

Once all the packets received at the receiver’s end, all the data packets get reassembled to utilze. In this way we can send the large data easily and this whole process is known as PACKET SWITCHING. This small packets are sended via wires, radio waves etc.

Basic Infrastructure of the Inernet.

1. We have to connect the computer through any router or modem to connect the devide to the internet.

2. When we search for any website in browser, our browser push a query command to the ISP(Internet service provider) and ISP is connected with all other services that stores and process data.

3. Now the device will search for the IP address of the entered url. It sends a DNS query, DSN request goes thrugh ISP and ISP will give the cached IP address or ISP will forward the request to a global DNS resolver

4. Now the browser will use that IP address to send to a HTTP request to the IP address but again request must travel through ISP’s infrastructure first, ISP takes the request for your device, routes it through their data center

5. Then the server will send the data(HTML, CSS, IMAGES etc.), in the form of small data packets

6. Once your browser receives the packets, it reassembles the data packets in the correct order.

7. Then after arranging the data packets in correct order the browser will render the recieved data.

Conclusion

Basicly Internet is a interconnected computer systems and all computers can communicate through each other via internet, in internet the data travel in small tiny packets using some protocols like (TCP/IP) which insures that the data is successfully received to the receiver’s end or not, after receiving the data packets all the packets get reassembled in correct order. Every request from the users browser firstly go through the ISP then the ISP redirects to to main server and when the server respons, response also come through the ISP