DevEco Testing: Official Automation Testing Tool for HarmonyOS Applications

These notes provide a high-level overview and may contain inaccuracies. For detailed information, please refer to the official documentation.

1. Test Framework Architecture

DevEco Testing is built on the JUnit5 extension mechanism and adopts a layered testing strategy:

1. ​Unit Testing Layer: Covers business logic components (Service/Manager)

2. ​Component Testing Layer: Validates Ability/Extension functionalities

3. ​System Testing Layer: Verifies multi-device collaborative scenarios

Core capabilities include:

• ​ArkTS Test Engine: Supports asynchronous task validation

• ​Device Shadow Mode: Simulates multi-device collaborative environments

• ​Data Sandbox: Isolates test data from production environments

2. Unit Testing Implementation

1. Test Case Specifications

typescript

// Example: Asynchronous Task Validation
@Test
async function testAsyncTask() {
  const result = await DataService.fetchData();
  assertEquals(result.code, 200);
  assertTrue(Array.isArray(result.data));
}

2. Mock Service Configuration

Dependency isolation using @Mock annotations:

typescript

// Mock network service
@Mock
class NetworkService {
  @InjectMock
  async fetchData(): Promise<Data> {
    return { code: 200, data: mockData };
  }
}

3. Test Coverage

Line-level coverage reporting:

markdown

-------------------------
Test Coverage Report
-------------------------
Module         | Line Coverage | Branch Coverage
-----------------------------------------------
CoreService    | 82%          | 75%
UIComponent    | 91%          | 88%
NetworkModule  | 67%          | 63%

3. UI Automation Testing

1. Component Localization Strategies

2. Gesture Simulation

typescript

// Swipe Operation Example
test('Swipe Test', async () => {
  await gesture.swipe({
    startX: 500,
    startY: 1500,
    endX: 500,
    endY: 500,
    duration: 800
  });
  await expect(component).toHaveText('New Content');
});

3. Exception Scenarios

• Network fluctuation simulation: device.simulateNetwork('3G')

• Memory pressure testing: device.fillMemory(80%)

• Low battery testing: device.setBatteryLevel(15%)

4. CI/CD Integration

1. Pipeline Configuration

yaml

# devops-ci.yaml
stages:
  - name: unit-test
    script:
      - npm run build
      - npm run test:unit -- --coverage

  - name: ui-test
    device:
      type: emulator
      config: phone_2k
    script:
      - npm run test:ui -- --headless

2. Test Reporting

Output formats:

bash

test-results/
├── junit.xml        # CI system integration
└── report.html      # Visual analysis report

5. Debugging Techniques

1. Log Filtering

bash

# Filter logs by test class
hilog -p I -t "com.example.test.*"

2. Snapshot Comparison

UI state comparison workflow:

1. Capture baseline interface snapshot

2. Execute test cases

3. Automatic element property difference analysis

3. Performance Benchmarks

markdown

> Note: For complete API documentation, refer to DevEco Studio official manuals. Test case templates can be generated via IDE plugins. It is recommended to maintain a 1:3 ratio between test code and business code.