v8 engine in javascript

so first of all we go through some basic info…..

JavaScript itself cannot directly interact with the underlying system (like files, network, etc.)

before nodejs javascript only run the browser after coming nodejs javascript run on the server and client side.

Node.js is not just about running JavaScript—it also provides additional features like file system access, networking, and asynchronous I/O. These features are implemented in C++ within Node.js.

nodejs is writen in c++ and v8 engine also writen in c++, so why nodejs need v8 engine ?

Node.js, while providing the runtime environment and APIs for server-side operations, relies on V8 to handle the core task of JavaScript execution. Without V8, Node.js would lack the fundamental capability to process JavaScript.

Here's a step-by-step breakdown of why Node.js needs V8

JavaScript Execution

JavaScript is a high-level programming language that computers cannot directly understand. It needs to be translated into machine code. This is precisely what the V8 engine does compiles JavaScript directly to native machine code using a Just-In-Time (JIT) compilation process, which significantly speeds up execution when you write JavaScript code for a Node.js application, it is passed to V8 for this compilation and execution

Core Functionality

Node.js is built on top of the V8 engine v8 provides the core JavaScript execution environment, enabling Node.js to:

Execute JavaScript code outside the browser

Access operating system functionality (like file system and networking) through Node.js's APIs, but the JavaScript logic driving these interactions is processed by V8

Maintain consistency, as it uses the same Javascript engine that powers Google Chrome

Performance and Optimization

V8 is continuously optimized for performance. Its advanced features, such as JIT compilation, hidden classes, efficient garbage collection, and inline caching, are crucial for Node.js's speed and efficiency

Asynchronous Operations and Event Loop

While V8 handles JavaScript execution, Node.js's asynchronous, non-blocking nature is largely managed by libuv, a C++ library that provides the event loop and handles asynchronous I/O operations . However, V8 complements this by efficiently executing the JavaScript callbacks that are triggered once libuv completes an asynchronous task . V8's fast execution allows Node.js to process many I/O operations concurrently without being bogged down.

Memory Management

V8 includes an advanced garbage collector that automatically manages memory by identifying and removing unused objects. This prevents memory leaks and ensures that Node.js applications do not consume unnecessary memory over time, which is critical for long-running server-side applications

ECMAScript Standard Implementation

All JavaScript engines, including V8, implement the ECMA ES-262 standard, also known as ECMAScript V8's continuous updates ensure that Node.js can support the latest JavaScript features and syntax, allowing developers to use modern language constructs