What is the V&V Model in Software Development?

Definition :

The V&V model is one of the SDLC model, where the both development and the testing teams involved in each phase to perform Verification & Validation of software being developed.

It known as Verification & Validation model. As both development & testing teams are being involved, hence the verification is done to prevent the defects. Once the software is ready then we do the Validation testing & then software will be given to the customer.

Verification :

Verification is the process of reviewing requirements (CRS & SRS), design (HLD & LLD), code, test cases, and other related documents.

Validation :

Validation is the actual testing done after the software is developed, where the test cases are executed.

• The left side of the "V" represents the verification phases (development).

• The right side of the "V" represents the validation phases (testing).

Advantages :

1. Testing starts early, from the requirement collection stage.

2. All stages are tested, preventing defects from flowing to later stages.

3. Development and testing happen in parallel, reducing overall project time.

4. Lower total cost due to early defect detection.

Limitations :

1. Not suitable for projects with unclear or changing requirements.

2. Difficult to handle complex, iterative, or evolving designs.

3. Early stage mistakes can be costly to fix later.

4. Requires skilled testers and developers at every phase.

Applications :

1. Software like medical devices & aircraft control systems.

2. Banking and financial software.

3. Large government & defense projects.

4. Projects where requirements are fixed and well-defined.

Summary Point :

The V&V Model is a software process where building and testing happen side by side. Verification checks plans and designs, while Validation tests the finished software. It works best for projects with fixed and clear requirements.